SUV Buying Guide: Key Things to Know

Let’s begin with the most fundamental question: what does SUV mean? SUV stands for “sport utility vehicle.” The term first appeared in 1974 in advertisements for the Jeep Cherokee. By the 1980s, it had evolved to describe vehicles designed with off-road ability and spacious cargo capacity. Today, SUVs represent one of the most popular and fastest-growing vehicle segments, covering a wide range of sizes and performance levels.

According to data from Cox Automotive, about 15.5 million SUVs were sold in the United States in 2023, accounting for 56.9% of all vehicle sales. This is an increase from 13.8 million units in 2022, a year affected by limited vehicle supply. By August 2024, SUV sales had already reached 10.5 million units, representing 58.4% of total sales.

The popularity of SUVs comes from their versatility. They typically offer generous passenger seating, expanded cargo capacity, and flexible use for both city driving and outdoor travel. Many also provide strong safety ratings along with towing and hauling capabilities. If you are considering purchasing one, it helps to first understand the key categories and features.

Types of SUVs

Although all SUVs share a few core characteristics—such as an integrated cargo area within the cabin and a higher driving position than standard cars—they vary widely in size, purpose, and capability. Some are designed for rough terrain and adventure, while others are built mainly for everyday commuting. Prices can range from around the low $20,000s to over $100,000 for high-end luxury versions.

SUVs are generally grouped by size, which is a helpful starting point when choosing the right model.

Subcompact SUVs

Subcompact SUVs are the smallest category and are sometimes referred to as extra-small SUVs. While there is no strict size definition, these vehicles typically offer limited interior and cargo space. Compared with small sedans, they are slightly taller and provide a more elevated seating position.

Advantages: Easy to drive and park, budget-friendly, good fuel economy, car-like handling.
Disadvantages: Tight interior space, small rear seats, limited towing ability, not suitable for serious off-road use.
Ideal for: Urban commuters, individuals, and couples.
Price range: Roughly low $20,000s to high $30,000s; luxury versions may exceed $50,000.
Fuel economy: Around 28 mpg combined, with some models exceeding 30 mpg.
Common models: Chevrolet Trailblazer, Honda HR-V, Hyundai Venue, Subaru Crosstrek.
Drivetrain options: Mostly front-wheel drive, with all-wheel drive optional or standard on some models.

Compact SUVs

Also known as small SUVs, compact models are among the most widely purchased vehicles in the U.S. They are larger than subcompact SUVs, offering more passenger comfort and cargo space while maintaining good fuel efficiency and easy handling.

Advantages: Car-like driving feel, increased cargo capacity, efficient fuel use, more features and upgrade options.
Disadvantages: Limited off-road ability, not ideal for heavy towing, rear seating can be tight for three adults.
Ideal for: Small families and suburban or urban drivers.
Price range: Mid-to-high $20,000s up to high $30,000s; luxury versions may exceed $60,000.
Fuel economy: About 28 mpg combined on average, with some models higher.
Common models: Honda CR-V, Toyota RAV4, Kia Sportage, Nissan Rogue, Chevrolet Trax.
Drivetrain options: FWD or AWD, with AWD widely available.

Midsize SUVs

Midsize SUVs offer a strong balance of space, power, and comfort. Many come in two-row or three-row layouts, though third-row seating is often more suitable for children than adults. These vehicles vary from comfort-focused daily drivers to more rugged towing and off-road models.

Advantages: Spacious interior, stronger engines, good safety equipment.
Disadvantages: Lower fuel efficiency, larger size makes parking and maneuvering harder, higher cost.
Ideal for: Larger households or those needing extra space and towing ability.
Price range: Mid $30,000s to $50,000+; luxury models can exceed $60,000.
Fuel economy: Around 22 mpg combined on average.
Common models: Jeep Grand Cherokee, Subaru Outback, Honda Pilot, Ford Explorer, Toyota Highlander.
Drivetrain options: FWD, AWD, RWD, and 4WD depending on model.

Full-size SUVs

Full-size SUVs, sometimes called large SUVs, are less common but serve very specific needs. They are often built on truck platforms, making them powerful, durable, and capable of towing heavy loads while offering maximum passenger and cargo space.

Advantages: Largest interior capacity, strong engines, excellent towing strength, off-road capable options.
Disadvantages: High fuel consumption, difficult to park and maneuver, expensive, higher step-in height.
Ideal for: Large families, towing trailers, or heavy-duty hauling needs.
Price range: High $40,000s to over $100,000 for luxury versions.
Fuel economy: Around 20 mpg combined on average.
Common models: Chevrolet Tahoe, Ford Expedition, GMC Yukon, Jeep Wagoneer.
Drivetrain options: Mostly AWD and 4WD, with some RWD or FWD variants.

Within each SUV category, there are still many variations—entry-level trims, luxury editions, and performance-focused models. Buyers also need to choose between gasoline, hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and fully electric versions. Another consideration is whether a vehicle is classified as a traditional SUV or a crossover, a distinction that can sometimes be confusing but is important when comparing models.